THE BIELLESE OUTLIER

Period 1960s 1970s
Adjustment Mode

Labor-saving technologies in centralized large firms. Use of skilled labor and decentralization to small firms.
Industrial Relations

Conflictual. Negotiated.
Critical Juncture

Pre-1968 flood Post-1968 flood
Industry

Textile

Textile

Process technology

Mass production Mixed: quasi-artesanal, mass production of high- and medium-quality goods, all clusters outsource.
Unions

Same Same
Embeddedness

Polarized Policentric